chapter 12

Integrating the organization from End to End- Enterprise Resources Planning

How did ERP help improve business operations at shell?

The use such a system is a necessity in helping the company integrate and manage its daily operation-operation that span from wells and mines to processing plants , to oil  trucks and gas pumps.For example the ERP system has helped the company immensely in terms of reducing and streamlining the highly manual process of third-party contractors submitting repair information and invoices.On average there are between 2500 and 4000 service orders handled by these contractors per month on a nationwide basis.

How could extended ERP components help improve business operations at shell?

Contractor had to send shell canada monthly summarized invoices that listed maintenance calls the contractors made at various shell gas online stations.

 What advice would you give shell it if decide to choose a different ERP software solution?

I think the shell no used the other erp system because erp system is the good system when the customer click the information about erp the everything about shell will be out with detail so customer can know about shell easily.

 How can integrating SCM , CRM and ERP help improve business operation at shell?

There are the backbone of business.This item very important in operation at shell because from this shell can improve their organization for more good in industry and more success. Integrating of these application  is the key to success for many companies . Integrations allows the unlocking of information to make it available any user.

chapter 10

EXTENDING THE ORGANIZATION -SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

a)List and describe the components of a typical supply chain

1-plan,which refers to the over-all strategy of the SCM program including the development of SCM metrics to monitor

2-source,which refers to the suppliers who will provide you with goods and services necessary for you run the business

3-make,or manufacturing component,which refers to the execution of processes needed to produce,test,and package your products or services

4-delivery, which refers to the system for receiving orders from customers, developing a network of warehouses; getting the products to the customers; invoicing customers and receiving payment from them

5-the return, which is the system for processing customer returns and/or supporting customers with problems with the products they received.

b)Define the relationship between decision making and supply chain management

-is the management of the two-way flow of materials, equipment, finances, information, and manpower resources within and among organizations to ensure the efficient and fast delivery of goods and services to the end customer.  It involves the oversight of synchronized movement of these logistics from the supplier to the manufacturer, wholesaler, and retailer, until the end-product reaches the consumer.  

c)Descibe the four changes resulting from advances in IT that are driving supply chains

visibility- the ability to view all areas up and down the supply chain.Changing supply chain requires a comprehensive strategy buoyed by information technology.

consumer behavior-has changed the way businesses compete.Customer will leave if a company does not continually meet their expectations.They are more demanding because they have information readily available they know exactly what they want and they know when and how they want it.

competition-use advanced mathematical  algorithms to improve the flow and efficiency of the supply chain while reducing inventory. SCP depends entirely on information for its accuracy.

speed-these system raise the accurancy between internal users.Another aspect of speed is the company ability to satisfy continually changing customer requirements efficiency accurately and quickly.

d)summarize the best practices for implementing a successful supply chain management system.

  -MAKE THE SALE TO SUPPLIER

• not only will the people in the organization need to changes the way they work.,but also the people from each supplier that is added to the network must change.

-WEAN EMPLOYEES OFF TRADITIONAL BUSINESS PRACTICES

• Operation people typical deal with phone call,faxes and order scrawled on paper and will most likely want to keep it that way.

-ENSURE THE SCM SYSTEM SUPPORTS THE ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

• it is important to select scm software that gives organizations an advantages in the areas most crucial to their business success.

-DEPLOY IN INCREMENTAL PHASES AND MEASURE AND COMMUNICATE SUCCESS

• For instance istead of installing a complete supply chain management system across the company and all supplier at once start by getting it working with a few key supplier.

-BE FUTURE ORIENTED

• the supply chain design must anticipate the future state of the business  because scm system likely will last for many more years than originally planned manager need to explore hoe flexible the system will be when changes are required in the future

chaPTEr 11

BUILDING A CUSTOMER -CENTRIC ORGANIZATION_CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT

1)Why is it important for any company to use CRM strategies to manage customer information?

•      will provide better customer needs and expectations 
•      make call centersmore efficient
•      cross sell products more effectively
•      help sales staff close deals faster
•     simplify marketingand sales processes
•     discover new customers
•     increase customer revenues

2)If the virtual world is the first point of contract between a company and its customers how might that transform the entire shopping experience?

:))POSITIVE SIDES

=It more easy to make conversation and transaction 

=The communication will be more effective because customer can face to face with seller

=The customer can give comments or critic in front of the virtual tools

:((NEGATIVE SIDES

=Higher cost in maintainance 

=Customer did not know about the actual product

=It will hard for customer to communicate if the machine in technical problem

chapter 9

EnaBLing tHE orGAniZAtiOn- DesiCIon MakinG...

Example of -

product expert system : shell,

neural networks : citibank,visa,masterdard,company insurance

genetic algrorithms : business executives,investment companies,telecommunication companies

intelligent agents : shopping bot

CHAPTER8

Accessing Organizational Information- Data Warehouse

Describe the roles and purposes of data warehouse and data marts in an organization.

A logical collection  of information - gathered from many different operational databases-that support business analysis activities and decision making tasks.The primary purpose of a data warehouse is to aggregate information throughout an organization into a single repository for decision making purpose.

Data marts- contains a subset  of data warehouse information.

Compare the multidimensional nature of data warehouse (and data marts) with the two- dimensional nature of databases.

Databases contain information in a series of two dimensional tables.It contains layers of columns and rows.

Identify the importance of ensuring the cleanliness of information throughout an organization

The maintain high-quality data in the data warehouse.INFORMATION CLEANSING OR SCRUBBING a process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent,incorrect,or incomplete information like contact information in an operational system,standardizing customer name from operational systems,information cleansing activities and accurate and complete information.

Explain the relationship between business intelligence and a data warehouse

Refers to applications and technologies that are use to gather ,provide access to,and analyze data and information to support decision making effort. Principles BI enablers include technology,people,culture.

chapter 7

STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION-DATABASES

1)Define the fundamental concepts of the relational databases model.

There are many different models for organizing information in databases,including the hierarchical,network and the relational databases model.The relational databases model is type of databases that stores information in the form of logically related two- dimensional tables.Example like coca cola bottling company egypt implemented an inventory tracking database to improve order accuracy.

2)Evaluate the advantages of the relational databases model

increased flexibility:

• the physical view- information deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as hard disk.
• the logical view- information focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business needs.

increased scalability and performance 

• scalability- to how well a system can adapt to increased demands
• performance- measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction

reduced information redundancy

the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places.

increased information integrity 

• relational integrity constraints- rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.
• business -critical integrity constraints- business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.

increased  information security

can increase personal security as well as information security.

3)Describe two primary method of integrity information across multiple database

• A forward integration takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes.
• A backward integration takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.

4)Describe the benefit of data-driven web site ?

The benefits is development,content management,future expandability,minimizing human error,cutting production and update costs,more efficient,improved stability.

5)Compare operational integrity constraints and business-critical integrity constraints?

• relational integrity constraints- rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints.
• business -critical integrity constraints- business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints.

CHAPTER 5

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES THAT SUPPORT STRATEGIC INITIATIVES...

THE CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER (CIO)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_information_officer

THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER (CTO)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_technology_officer

THE CHIEF SECURITY OFFICER (CSO)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_security_officer

THE CHIEF PRIVACY OFFICER (CPO)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_privacy_officer

THE CHIEF KNOWLEDGE OFFICER (CKO)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_knowledge_officer

measuring the success of strategic initiatives

EFFICIENCY IT METRICS

Activity and efficiency metrics measure a company's ability to use its resources efficiently. They are sometimes viewed as measures of management effectiveness.

In many companies, important business objectives are sometimes defined and measured in terms of activity and efficiency metrics. Initiatives may be launched specifically to improve inventory turns, for instance, through better inventory management or adopting "just in time" sourcing. Initiatives to sell off expensive assets such as buildings or land may be aimed at improving asset turnover, for example.

Analysts will look especially for trends or changes in these metrics from year to year as indicators of the company's ability to improve financial performance and financial position, or as indicators of specific problems that need management attention

Eight of the most commonly used activity and efficiency metrics are defined, explained, and illustrated below. The examples use data from the sample income statement and balance sheet, also included below.

For a more complete summary of activity and efficiency metrics, along with working spreadsheet examples integrated with source financial statements and a complete range of other financial metrics.

EFFECTIVENESS IT METRICS

 Effectiveness IT metrics measures how IT affects specific aspects of the business world, and a part of the business process. The given aspects include conversion rates, customer satisfaction in addition to sell-through increases. In short, Effectiveness measures how well a company, or business is reaching its objectives, and constantly questions as to whether the right actions being taken to meet the given objectives. An example in real life would be how well customers are treated at the Apple store when purchasing a new Ipod or computer. Also, the performance of the Effectiveness IT Metrics is measured in Benchmarks, so progress can be assessed. Apple being ranked number one in customer service, after taking a number of different surveys, would be considered to be a Benchmark. However, surveys are not just done in fourtune 500 companies, they are also performed at companies that don't make as much of a profit but are just as productive, like a value chain. Thousands and thousands of dollars are spent every year by companies, in order to see how well they are doing, not just internally but externally. When it comes to internally, companies ask all of their employees at all levels to take an in depth survey to make sure the company is doing everything in it's power to make sure they are working well as a company. When it comes to externally, the company asks it's consumers if they could do anything better to meet the customers needs. This can also be done with surveys but can also be performed by a number of different ways. Both surveys are used to see how they can do better, much like the traditional practice of the Japanese business model, Kaizen, constantly seeing how well things can be done.

IF  YOU AS A SELLER IN FACEBOOK,HOW YOU CAN COMMENT ABOUT EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS?

http://lifestyle.kompasiana.com/catatan/2012/09/24/beraneka-ragam-jenis-jenis-tas-wanita-496080.html  

Efficiency::every seller should be make the promotion for the item to everyone to know what news item arrival. futhermore,its can attrack the customer to buy our item and always to know what news product the company produce.

effectiveness::to get the effectiveness in sale,the company must be intelligent in IT communication.base on using IT